Rose Cultivation
The Rose has an important place in the flower world. It is also called the king of flowers. Demand for rose flowers, all over the world including in India is growing at an annual rate of 12-13 percent. Rose cultivation for consumption in the country and export abroad are both important.
Roses are also grown for products like cut flowers, rose water, rose oil, gulkand, etc. The Intermediate climate needed for rose cultivation is neither too cold nor too hot. The day temperature is 25-30°C and 12-14 °C at night the best for rose cultivation.
Varieties:
Hybrids: Crimson Glory, Mr. Lincoln, Love, John F. Kennedy, Jawahar, Mrinalini, President, Radha Krishnan, First Love, Apollo, Pusa Sonia, Ganga Tata Satanery, Orchid, Super Star, American Heritage, etc.
Floribunda: Banjaran, Delhi Princess, Dimple, Moon, Evergreen, Sonora, Nilambari, Karishma, Surya Kiran, etc.
Soil:
The soil for roses should be loamy and high in organic matter, with a pH of 5.3 to 6.5. planting seedlings.
Preparing Sapling:
For rose cultivation, Its sapling prepares by budding ‘T’ on the top of a wild rose. Its pen is about 15 cm in the beds in June-July and leaves break in them. In November-December, with the help of a knife, the cuts clean from the twigs that have split.
In January, taking a twig from a good quality rose, take out a ‘T’ shape bud and put it on the wild rose and tie it tightly with polythene. In this way, the seedlings are ready for transplanting in July-August.
Layout and preparation
From the point of view of beauty, beds prepare in a formal layout, whose size keep 5×2 meters.
Dig the beds to a depth of one meter in April-May and leave them open for 15-20 days. 30 cm in beds Fill them with dug-up soil by adding dry leaves. Along with this, put rotten manure of cow dung in the field. Then fill the beds with water.
Use Folidal dust or Carbofuron 3g to prevent termites. After about 10-15 days, make a row in these beds, the distance from the plant to plant and row to row is 30X60 cm.
Plant Seedling
In the fields of India, rose cultivation seedlings ought to move in September-October via digging from a nursery.
Note that for rose cultivation at the hour of relocating, the lily part is 15 cm from the beginning. Remain high The separation from the plant to endlessly column to push is 30 x 60 m. Following planting do water.
A Water system for roses isn’t needed yet according to the prerequisite, water system ought to do following 17 days in summer and 10-12 days in winter.
Pruning
The second seven-day stretch of October is sensible for pruning in Dani parts of Uttar Pradesh assuming there is no deluge at the hour of pruning.
Plants have 3-5 key twigs at 0-45 cm. Cut to length. These put at 45 degrees (degrees) to 5 mm of the eye. It cuts from a higher spot, so the eye doesn’t get upset.
Irrigation and Fertilizer
In the case of rose cultivation for the development of roses, 3-4 hours of daylight and night greenery are exceptionally important during cold days. For best quality blossoms (after pruning) 10 kg for each plant. The Water system ought to finish by blending spoiled excrement of cow waste in the dirt.
Following seven days, when new shoots begin to grow, then, at that point, 200 grams of neem cake, 100 grams of bone powder, and 50 grams of synthetic manure ought to give per plant containing urea, superphosphate, and potassium sulfate in a 1:2:1 proportion cut blossoms.
In white, red, and pink blossoms, the half-open petals are fine to cut when the upper petal begins to bend downwards. While cutting blossoms, a couple of leaves ought to be left on the twig, which permits the plants to develop again from that point.
Disease and Pest Control
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Powdery Mildew Disease (Kharra):
In this fungal disease, the white powdery spread sees on leaves, stems, and buds.
The treatment:
For the prevention of diseases in plants, make a solution of soluble sulfur (2 g per liter of water) or Dinocap (1 ml per liter of water) or Tridemorph (1 ml per liter of water) at 15 days intervals. Do two sprays by alternating medicines.
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Dieback or reverse drought disease:
The outbreak of this disease starts after the rains and occurs till the end of December. In this, the twigs start drying from the top and start drying down and the stem of the plant turns black and dies.
The treatment:
Make a solution of 50% copper oxychloride at the rate of 3 grams per liter of water and spray it.
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Mahun or Champa (Aphid):
These insects are small, round, green, dark green, or black in roses. They keep sucking the juice from the plant. Due to their infestation, the leaves of the rose shrink, and the plant dries up.
The treatment:
Immediately after the appearance of the pest, do 2-3 sprays of Dimethoate@1.5ml/Litre water or Monocrotophos@1ml/Liter water.
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Scale Insect:
Occurs in abundance on the rose plant. These red and brown scale insects suck the sap of the soft stem and make them ugly.
Control:
Phorate 10-g 3-4 gm or Folidal 2% dust at the rate of 10-15 gm per plant should be mixed well in the soil.
Layout and preparation
From the point of view of beauty, beds prepare in a formal layout, whose size can be kept 5×2 meters.
Dig the beds to a depth of one meter in April-May and leave them open for 15-20 days. 30 cm in beds Fill them with dug-up soil by adding dry leaves. Along with this, put rotten manure of cow dung in the field. Then fill the beds with water.
Use Folidal dust or Carbofuron 3g to prevent termites. After about 10-15 days, make a row in these beds, the distance from the plant to plant and row to row is 30X60 cm.
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